Aristotle said " teaching is the highest form of understanding " realism is a system of ideas beliefs, values, and habits that informs the way of thinking about the real world. realism is one of the oldest philosophies of Western culture and is an alternative to the philosophy of idealism.
Realism was born with one of the oldest and most famous philosophers called Aristotle. Aristotle believes that educating the mind without educating the heart is no education at all. Aristotle started realism as a philosophy, according to Aristotle realism is a true reality and things exist whether humans perceive them or not.
Aristotle is known as the father of realism, realism accepts things as they are with all their weaknesses and imperfections in philosophy realism refers to the understanding that the reality of any physical object exists in the external world independently of the human mind.
For example, if a tree falls and nobody hears it does still make a sound, if they're a tree reality that exists outside of human insight or is reality only what we observe jean-Jacques Rousseau another famous realist believes " you learn from experience and the nature around you. "
This learning experience thought from the day you are born the learning is acquired through experience observation. according to Maximus in support, there are many types of realism namely platonic realism, transcendental realism, critical realism, moderate realism, modal realism, and moral realism.
Realism in education determines Education and realism is to offer learners the crucial knowledge required for existence in the world. realism focus on the physical world especially in subjects like mathematics, chemistry, and physics.
It was important for our thoughts that we must understand what is around us before we think and do. Realists believed that the curriculum is based on organizing the subject matter, they also believe we need to teach and be taught through a curriculum that not only contains knowledge about the world but also acknowledges how to survive in today's society.
In addition, they believe to focus on the facts but more importantly what it took to arrive at the facts and knowledge should be performance-based mathematics and science should be highlighted and logical independence and critical analysis must be emphasized in the teaching process of a realist.
The Teaching methods of the firm and the students are expected to master the skill to recall clarify and associate facts. teachers want their students to figure out how they got the answers and not just spot the answers, realists believe that learners must learn from their mistakes and accept the consequences of their actions.
Assessment is essential to teaching and learning and common tastes are highly required. a realist believes that education should be available to all and that it is the government's responsibility to ensure that this goal will be achieved.
The aim of realism in education can be summarized as follow to prepare students for respectable and real life to develop mental and physical authority and lastly to train and develop logic.
John Locke who was also a realist in the educational system believed that play is the basic way of learning among children. realism is about asking questions not just facts but how the truth was discovered, in the first place an example of realism in education is if a teacher in the foundation phase was planning to teach a lesson about leaves and their characteristics instead of bringing the leaves and the materials into the classroom for observation.
The teacher will bring the students outside for them to experiment and explore nature and the world around them, In that way, learners will learn to think critically through observation Realists have believed that everything exists and it's merely independent of an individual's mind and perceptions which is the realism paradigm because we agree that the learner should be able to use all of his senses within the learning process.
Educating learners through the use of their senses could help to improve their ability to memorize these concepts the human mind is able to adapt and function more effectively when it's surrounded by a multi-sensory environment.
David Koch developed the four-phased approach to learning called experiential learning in 1984 this full-phased approach consisted of concrete experiences, reflective observations, abstract conceptualization, and active experiments.
Experiential learning is based on certain assumptions the first assumption is that learners should be personally included in the process, the second assumption is that learners should be free to actively participate in the process and the third assumption is that knowledge should be experienced by the individual himself in order to have substantial meaning
